Galaxy cluster MACS0416 (Hubble and Webb composite image)

Esahubble_heic2310a_1024

esahubble_heic2310a November 9th, 2023

Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, J. Diego (Instituto de Física de Cantabria, Spain), J. D’Silva (U. Western Australia), A. Koekemoer (STScI), J. Summers & R. Windhorst (ASU), and H. Yan (U. Missouri)

This panchromatic view of galaxy cluster MACS0416 was created by combining infrared observations from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope with visible-light data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. To make the image, in general the shortest wavelengths of light were colour-coded blue, the longest wavelengths red, and intermediate wavelengths green. The resulting wavelength coverage, from 0.4 to 5 microns, reveals a vivid landscape of galaxies that could be described as one of the most colourful views of the universe ever created. MACS0416 is a galaxy cluster located about 4.3 billion light-years from Earth, meaning that the light from it that we see now left the cluster shortly after the formation of our Solar System. This cluster magnifies the light from more distant background galaxies through gravitational lensing. As a result, the research team has been able to identify magnified supernovae and even very highly magnified individual stars. Those colours give clues to galaxy distances: the bluest galaxies are relatively nearby and often show intense star formation, as best detected by Hubble, while the redder galaxies tend to be more distant, or else contain copious amounts of dust, as best detected by Webb. The image reveals a wealth of details that it is only possible to capture by combining the power of both space telescopes. In this image, blue represents data at wavelengths of 0.435, 0.606, 0.814, and 1.05 microns (Hubble filters F435W, F606W, F814W, and F105W). Green combines data at 0.90, 1.15, 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, and 2.77 microns (Hubble filter F160W and Webb filters F090W, F115W, F150W, F200W, and F277W). Red represents data at 3.56, 4.1, and 4.44 microns (Webb filters F356W, F410M and F444W). [Image description: A field of galaxies on the black background of space. In the middle is a collection of dozens of yellowish spiral and elliptical galaxies that form a foreground galaxy cluster. Among them are distorted linear features, which mostly appear to follow invisible concentric circles curving around the centre of the image. The linear features are created when the light of a background galaxy is bent and magnified through gravitational lensing. A variety of brightly coloured, red and blue galaxies of various shapes are scattered across the image, making it feel densely populated.]

Provider: Hubble Space Telescope | ESA

Image Source: https://esahubble.org/images/heic2310a/

Curator: ESA/Hubble, Baltimore, MD, United States

Image Use Policy: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Image Details

Image Type
Observation
Object Name
MACS J0416.1-2403
Esahubble_heic2310a_128
 

Position Details

Position (ICRS)
RA = 4h 16m 9.0s
DEC = -24° 4’ 27.7”
Orientation
North is 67.6° CCW
Field of View
2.2 x 2.1 arcminutes
Constellation
Eridanus

Color Mapping

  Telescope Spectral Band Wavelength
Blue Hubble (ACS) Optical (B) 435.0 nm
Cyan Hubble (ACS) Optical (V) 606.0 nm
Cyan Hubble (ACS) Optical (I) 814.0 nm
Green Hubble (WFC3) Infrared (Y) 1.1 µm
Green Hubble (WFC3) Infrared (J) 1.3 µm
Green Hubble (WFC3) Infrared (JH) 1.4 µm
Green Hubble (WFC3) Infrared (H) 1.6 µm
Cyan Webb (NIRCam) Optical (None) 900.0 nm
Green Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 1.2 µm
Green Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 1.5 µm
Yellow Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 2.0 µm
Yellow Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 2.8 µm
Orange Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 3.6 µm
Orange Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 4.1 µm
Red Webb (NIRCam) Infrared (None) 4.4 µm
Spectrum_base
Blue
Cyan
Cyan
Green
Green
Green
Green
Cyan
Green
Green
Yellow
Yellow
Orange
Orange
Red
Esahubble_heic2310a_1280
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ID
heic2310a
Subject Category
Subject Name
MACS J0416.1-2403
Credits
NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, J. Diego (Instituto de Física de Cantabria, Spain), J. D’Silva (U. Western Australia), A. Koekemoer (STScI), J. Summers & R. Windhorst (ASU), and H. Yan (U. Missouri)
Release Date
2023-11-09T16:00:00
Lightyears
Redshift
Reference Url
https://esahubble.org/images/heic2310a/
Type
Observation
Image Quality
Distance Notes
Facility
Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope
Instrument
ACS, ACS, ACS, WFC3, WFC3, WFC3, WFC3, NIRCam, NIRCam, NIRCam, NIRCam, NIRCam, NIRCam, NIRCam, NIRCam
Color Assignment
Blue, Cyan, Cyan, Green, Green, Green, Green, Cyan, Green, Green, Yellow, Yellow, Orange, Orange, Red
Band
Optical, Optical, Optical, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared, Optical, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared, Infrared
Bandpass
B, V, I, Y, J, JH, H, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None
Central Wavelength
435, 606, 814, 1050, 1250, 1400, 1600, 900, 1150, 1500, 2000, 2770, 3560, 4100, 4440
Start Time
Integration Time
Dataset ID
None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None
Notes
Coordinate Frame
ICRS
Equinox
J2000
Reference Value
64.03757296290115, -24.074353550301716
Reference Dimension
4457.0, 4133.0
Reference Pixel
2228.5, 2066.5
Scale
-8.320121227566598e-06, 8.320121227566598e-06
Rotation
67.63999999999993
Coordinate System Projection:
TAN
Quality
Full
FITS Header
Notes
Creator (Curator)
ESA/Hubble
URL
https://esahubble.org
Name
Space Telescope Science Institute Office of Public Outreach
Email
outreach@stsci.edu
Telephone
410-338-4444
Address
ESA Office, Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Dr
City
Baltimore
State/Province
MD
Postal Code
21218
Country
United States
Rights
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Publisher
ESA/Hubble
Publisher ID
esahubble
Resource ID
heic2310a
Metadata Date
2023-10-18T15:10:09-04:00
Metadata Version
1.1
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Detailed color mapping information coming soon...

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There is no distance meta data in this image.

 

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